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　　But these factors do not account for theinteresting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnantichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.

　　(Of結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ):of howthere came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs...)但這些因素并不能解釋這個(gè)有趣的問(wèn)題:為何在一個(gè)特定的地點(diǎn)會(huì)如此集中地出 現(xiàn)即將臨產(chǎn)的懷孕魚龍群。

　　分句 1:But these factors do not account forthe interesting question

　　分句 2:of how there came to be such aconcentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close totheir time of giving birth

　　分句 1.嵌套分句

　　2.分句2是Of結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾說(shuō)明question 的內(nèi)容。

　　9.In the seventeenth century the organ,the clavichord,and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboardgroup,a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end ofthe eighteenth century.

　　(同位語(yǔ) a supremacy)

　　17世紀(jì)時(shí)風(fēng)琴、敲弦琴和撥弦琴成為鍵盤樂(lè)器類的主要成員,這種至高無(wú)上的 地位一直由它們保持,直到18世紀(jì)末被鋼琴所取代。

　　分句 1:In the seventeenth century the organ,the clavichord,and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboardgroup,

　　分句 2:a supremacy they maintained until thepiano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century

　　分句2是分句1的同位語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)修飾說(shuō)明分句1中的 thechief instruments of the keyboard group

　　10.A series of mechanical improvementscontinuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction ofpedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame andsteel wire of the finest quality,finally produced an instrument capable ofmyriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestralfullness of sound,from a liquid,singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.

　　(介詞結(jié)構(gòu) from...to...作定語(yǔ))

　　持續(xù)到19世紀(jì)的一系列機(jī)械上的改進(jìn),包括引入踏板以維持音調(diào)或使其柔和, 改善金屬框架,以及使用最佳牲能的鋼絲,最終產(chǎn)生了一種具備無(wú)數(shù)音調(diào)效果的樂(lè)器——這些效果涵蓋了從最精致的和聲到幾乎全部的管弦樂(lè)音響,從明快流暢的吟唱音調(diào)到尖銳的打擊樂(lè)器的恢弘氣氛。

　　分句 1:A series of mechanical improvementscontinuing well into the nineteenth century

　　分句 2:including the introduction of pedalsto sustain tone or to soften it

　　分句 3:the perfection of a metal frame andsteel wire of the finest quality

　　分句 4:finally produced an instrument capableof myriad tonal effects

　　分句 5:from the most delicate harmonies to analmost orchestral fullness of sound

　　分句 6:from aliquid,singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance

　　本句的真正的主句結(jié)構(gòu)其實(shí)是由分句1和分句4構(gòu)成,即A series ofmechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century finallyproduced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects,,分句2和分句3并列修飾說(shuō)明分句1中的 A series of mechanical improvements,而分句5和分句6并列,修飾說(shuō)明了分句4中的 an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects

　　11.The largest later named PuebloBonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish, rose in five terraced stories,contained morethan 800 rooms,and could have housed a population of 1,000 or more.

　　最大的一座后來(lái)被西班牙人稱為 Pueblo Bonito(美麗的城鎮(zhèn)),是一個(gè)五層梯式樓, 有 800 多間房子,能夠容納 1 000 人以上。

　　分句 1:The largest rose in five terracedstories,contained more than 800 rooms, and could have housed a population of1,000 or more

　　分句 2:later named Pueblo Bonito(PrettyTown)by the Spanish

　　分句1嵌套分句2,分句2用來(lái)修飾分句1的主語(yǔ)thelargest,分句1內(nèi)部是由三個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的句子。

　　13.For a number of years the selection ofmusic for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor orleader of the orchestra,and very often the principal qualification far holdingsuch a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a largepersonal library of musical pieces.

　　(特殊結(jié)構(gòu) not...SO muchas...——與其說(shuō)...不如說(shuō)...) 在好些年內(nèi),為各部影片選擇配樂(lè)的權(quán)力完全掌握在樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮或隊(duì)長(zhǎng)手中,而通常擔(dān)任這種職位的資格與其說(shuō)是技巧或鑒賞品位,不如說(shuō)是個(gè)人擁有音樂(lè)作品的豐富收藏。

　　分句 1:.For a number of years the selectionof music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor orleader of the orchestra

　　分句 2:and very often theprincipal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste somuch as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces 分句1和分句2構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系,分句2的難點(diǎn)在于 not...... so much as 的結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　15.The fact that half of the known speciesare thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seemsurprising,considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk ofthe species.

　　(同位語(yǔ)從句 factthat...;定語(yǔ)從句 that comprise the bulk...) 考慮到組成大部分物種的昆蟲的巨大數(shù)量,認(rèn)為半數(shù)的已知物種棲息在世界的雨 林中這一事實(shí)看起來(lái)并不令人吃驚。

　　分句 1:The fact does not seem surprising

　　分句 2:that half of the known species arethought to inhabit the world's rain forests

　　分句 3:consideringthe huge numbers of insects

　　分句 4:that comprise the bulk of the species

　　分句 1.嵌套分句

　　2.解釋說(shuō)明分句1的主語(yǔ)thefact,是同位語(yǔ)從句,分句

　　3.作為分句1的原因狀語(yǔ),分句

　　4.是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾

　　分句3的the hugenumbers of insects

　　16.To appreciate fully the diversity andabundance of life in the sea,it helps to think small.

　　(特殊結(jié)構(gòu) it helpsto...做...有幫助) 要充分認(rèn)識(shí)海洋生命的多樣性和豐富性,從小的角度思考有幫助。

　　目的狀語(yǔ):To appreciate fully the diversity andabundance of life in the sea, 主句: it helps to thinksmall.(這里的it是形式主語(yǔ),沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義)

　　17.Science is built with facts just as ahouse is built with bricks,but a collection of facts cannot be called scienceany more than a pile of bricks can be called a house. (特殊結(jié)構(gòu) not any more than 像...一樣不...) 科學(xué)建立在事實(shí)上,就像房子用磚砌成一樣。但收集的事實(shí)不能被叫做科學(xué),就 像一堆磚不能被稱為房子一樣。

　　分句 1.Science is built with facts just as ahouse is built with bricks,

　　分句 2.but a collection of facts cannot becalled science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house.

　　1和2是并列分句(轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)