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 一、多一介詞或副詞

① 有些動詞在漢語中是不及物動詞，在英語中是及物動詞，可能多一個介詞。如：serve for the people, follow after him, play with her in a match, marry with her, engage withher

② 有些動詞可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞，但搭配不同，可能混淆而多一個介詞。如：join in the game, 但 join in the club; pay for a TV set, 但 pay for three dollars; search for the map, 但 search for the thief for his watch

③ 有些“動詞 + 介詞”形式的動詞后面沒有賓語時，后面的介詞是多余的。如：

He looked at but could see nothing.

How are you getting on with?

④ 有些動詞、名詞、形容詞后接名詞或代詞時須加一個介詞，但接that從句時，必須去掉介詞。如：agree to it, 但 agree to that...; be sure of it, 但be sure of that…; be sorry for it, 但 be sorry for that…

⑤ 有些副詞或介詞詞組后加一個介詞，組成了復(fù)合介詞，若后面沒有接賓語時，最后的介詞則是多余的。如：

If you won’t go, I’ll go instead of.

He walked out of.

⑥ 有些連詞后加 of 成為復(fù)合介詞，如果后接從句，of 是多余的。如：Because of he was ill…

⑦ 地點(diǎn)副詞的意義中已經(jīng)包含了介詞 to，如果再用 to則是多余的。如：on my way to there, get to home, go to upstairs, return to home

⑧ last year, next month, this week, one day等名詞詞組直接充當(dāng)時間狀語，前面用介詞是多余的。

⑨ 有些動詞受漢語意思影響而多一副詞，如：stop down(停下來), raise up (舉起來), return back(歸來，回來), repeat again (復(fù)述)

⑩ 有些動詞在一種用法中要加副詞，而在另一種用法中加副詞則是多余的。如：build up our country, 但 build up railways

二、多一連詞

① 狀語從句與主句之間多一并列連詞，如：though… but; because… so; the more… and the more

② 充當(dāng)狀語的分詞與主句之間多一并列連詞。如：

Sitting down and he began to work.

Regarded as the best in the class, so he was praised at the meeting.

③ 從屬連詞后多一 that。如：because that… since that…, unless that…

④ 復(fù)合賓語前多一 that。如：

I heard that him say it.

I found that her lying on the ground.

三、多一代詞

① 主語與謂語之間多一關(guān)系代詞。如：

Some people don’t like football, but many people who do like it.

② 作定語的分詞前多一關(guān)系代詞。如：

I know the boy who standing there.(也可在 who 后加 is)

The man who invited to the ball last night is my friend.(也可在 who 后加was)

③ 定語從句中的名詞已由關(guān)系代詞取代，再用代詞則是多余的。如：

She bought the book (that) she had first asked for it.

I have seen the girl (whom) you are talking of her.

④ 用不定式作定語時，如果其邏輯賓語或介詞賓語就是被修飾的名詞詞組，后面再用代詞是多余的。如：

The tea is too hot to drink it.

He is a good comrade to work with him.

⑤ 在“形容詞 + 不定式”句型中，如果不定式的邏輯賓語或介詞賓語就是句子的主語，再用代詞作賓語或介詞賓語則是多余的。如：

This question is too difficult to answer it.

The house is nice to live in it. (from www.nmet168.com)

⑥ 在“連詞 + 分詞 / 名詞 / 形容詞 / 副詞 / 介詞詞組”結(jié)構(gòu)中，加上代詞作主語是多余的。如：

He took notes while he reading.

If it heated, ice turns to water.

四、多一助動詞

① 時間、條件從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時，用 will, would 是多余的。如：

If he will try hard, he will succeed.

I’ll tell them about it as soon as they will come.

② be sure 或 make sure + that 從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，用 will, would 是多余的。如：

I make sure that you will come early.

③ 在賓語從句中主語前的助動詞是多余的。如：

Would you tell me what do you want?

④ 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中的 be(助動詞或連系動詞)是多余的。如：

The game was over, he went home.

She smiled, tears were still running down her face.

五、多一冠詞

① 與介詞 at, in, to連用的名詞 school, class, town, hospital, church, prison, bed 等表示與其有關(guān)的活動時，用冠詞是多余的。如：go to the school(上學(xué)), be in the prison(坐牢), be in the bed(在睡覺)

② 與 by 連用的交通工具名稱和 air, land, sea 等名詞前用冠詞是多余的。如：by the bike, by the sea, by the train

③ 表示游戲活動而不是表示游戲工具的名詞前不用冠詞。如：play the / a volleyball, play the chess, play the table tennis

④ 由“專有名詞 + 普通名詞”構(gòu)成的專有名詞前不用定冠詞。如：the Beijing Airport, the Oxford Street, the Hyde Park

⑤ 在一些固定搭配中。如：at the first, at the last, the most of us

⑥ most 作“非常”解時，前面用 the 是多余的。如：

Oh! It’s the most beautiful!

She is the most diligent.

⑦ 含有 Day 的節(jié)日前加 the 是多余的。如：the May Day, the Women’s Day, the National day, the New Year’s Day

⑧ 在“名詞 + as / though…”結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前不用任何冠詞。如：a child as he is / a fool as he is

六、多一小品詞 to

① 在 had better, would rather, rather than 后的不定式前用 to 是多余的。如：

You had better not to go.

I would rather to stay at home

② 在 make, let, have, see, feel, watch, notice, observe 等使役、感官動詞后充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式前用 to 是多余的。如：

He made me to do heavy work.

Let me to hear you to play.